Power is shared by the three organs of the government - the legislative, the executive and the judiciary. They do not exercise unlimited power.
It provides a horizontal distribution of power.
Power can also be shared among various social groups of the country so that the chances of conflict can be avoided among various sections of the society. We see the example of how power sharing among various social groups helped in maintaining harmony in Belgium. On the contrary, lack of power sharing and the majority rule in Sri Lanka led to a civil war.
Power Sharing Class 10 - Video Lecture
This video explains the chapter power sharing class 10 CBSE in a simple and interesting manner. Watching the video lecture will help you understand the chapter thoroughly.
Power Sharing Class 10 Civics Chapter 1 - Important Questions
Q1. Which community dominated Sri Lanka after independence? Answer: Sri Lanka emerged as an independent country in 1948 and the democratically elected government adopted a series of measures to establish Sinhala supremacy.
Q2. Compare the different ways in which the Belgians and the Sri Lankans have dealt with the problem of cultural diversity. (2012) Answer: Both Belgium and Sri Lanka are democratic, still they have dealt with the problem of cultural diversity very differently.
Belgium: 1. The unity of the country is important and to maintain that leaders realized that they should respect the feelings and interests of different communities. The Constitution prescribes that the number of Dutch and French-speaking people should hold equal importance in the Central Government.
2. Both Dutch and French communities share power on an equal basis at the Centre. Along with the State Government, both communities have a third kind of Government called ‘Community Government’ which decides on cultural, education and issues related to language.
3. Between, 1970 and 1993, the Constitution was amended four times to enable all linguistic groups to live together in harmony within the same country.
Sri Lanka:
1. There are two major communities, the Sinhalese speaking (74%) and Tamil speaking (18%). The majority community, the Sinhalese have forced their dominance over Tamils, refusing to share power.
2. Both communities have lived in tension as the Sinhalese have denied political, educational, religious, employment and economic rights to the Tamils leading to Civil War.
3. In 1956, the Government passed an Act to recognize Sinhala as the only official language, thus disregarding Tamil.
Q3. What is meant by ‘vertical division of power’?
Ans: The power division between higher and lower levels of government is termed as vertical division of power.
Q4. 'Sharing of power makes a country more powerful and united’. Justify the statement. Answer: Sharing of power makes a country more powerful and united because of the following reasons:
Power sharing ensures that all people have stake in the government. Power sharing contributes to the concept of people’s rule and ensures maximum people’s participation which leads to stability and better outcomes in democracy. Power sharing accommodates diverse groups and helps to reduce the possibility of conflict between social groups.
Q5. What is majoritarianism? How has it increased the feelings of alienation among Sri Lankan Tamils? Explain with examples. Answer: Majoritarianism is a concept which signifies a belief that the majority community should be able to rule a country in whichever way it wants. In this type of rule, the majority community disregards the wishes and needs of the minority community. The majoritarian concept has increased the strong feelings of alienation among Sri Lankan Tamils after a series of majoritarian measures adopted by the democratically-elected government in Sri Lanka after its independence in 1948 to establish Sinhala Supremacy.
· In 1956, an act was passed to recognise Sinhala as the only official language, thus disregarding Tamil.
· The Government followed preferential policies that favoured Sinhala applicants for university positions and government jobs.
· A new constitution advocated that the state shall protect and foster Buddhism.
Benefits of Solving Important Questions of Class 10 Civics Chapter 1, Power Sharing
Extra questions help you revisit the important topics, thus improving your command on the chapter.
They build your confidence and help you score better in exams.
Give a better understanding of concepts. Improved understanding helps you write answers more efficiently.
Improve the accuracy level.
This Class 10 Civics Chapter 1, Power Sharing is the most important chapter for both Class 10 board exams and NTSE (National Talent Search Examination).
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